Research Commentary
A healing paper is not a reason to buy a vial
The fastest way to wreck a research journal is to end every preclinical summary with a store. This site will not do that.
Research News
Reviews, registries, and trial reports before they are paraphrased.
Recently Published Studies
Papers that are still the citation people reach for.
Recently Published Studies
SURMOUNT-2 measured tirzepatide in adults who had both obesity and type 2 diabetes
Over 72 weeks, weekly tirzepatide 10 mg and 15 mg produced larger mean weight reductions than placebo. The…
Recently Published Studies
STEP 1: what the semaglutide obesity trial actually randomized
Wilding and colleagues assigned 1,961 adults to once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg or placebo for 68 weeks, on top…
Recently Published Studies
SURMOUNT-1 reported dose-dependent weight loss with tirzepatide
In a 72-week trial of 2,539 adults, the 15 mg group’s mean weight change was about 20.9 percent.…
Research Paper Reviews
A close reading of one paper, including what it does not show.
Paper review
A close reading of SELECT: the hazard ratio and the people who stopped
The cardiovascular benefit and the discontinuation rate are in the same paper. Quoting one without the other changes the result.
Paper review
The 1998 ipamorelin paper showed selectivity in animals. It did not finish a medicine.
Raun and colleagues described a pentapeptide that released growth hormone in rats and swine with less effect on ACTH and cortisol. The last line of the…
Narrative review
What the 2019 musculoskeletal review actually claims about BPC-157
Gwyer, Wragg, and Wilson gathered tendon, ligament, and muscle studies. The review’s own ending is about how far the animal work still sits from clinical use.
Preclinical Research
Animal and cell studies, labeled as such.
Preclinical Research
A rat wound study of thymosin beta-4 is still a rat wound study
Malinda and colleagues reported faster re-epithelialization in a full-thickness rat model. The peptide in the paper is thymosin beta-4, and the subjects were rats.
Preclinical Research
Ipamorelin’s selectivity was measured in rats and swine
The 1998 pharmacology paper reports growth-hormone release without the ACTH and cortisol rise seen with older peptides. It is labeled preclinical because that is the evidence.
Preclinical Research
BPC-157 increased tendon-cell outgrowth and migration in a laboratory study
Chang and colleagues tied the effect to tendon fibroblasts and a FAK–paxillin signal. The system is cells and experimental injury, not a rehabilitation protocol.
Emerging Molecules
Mechanisms and early trials that are still moving.
Emerging Molecules
Semaglutide is one molecule and at least two evidence files
SELECT used 2.4 mg weekly in people without diabetes. FLOW used 1 mg weekly in people with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. The files do not…
Emerging Molecules
Adding type 2 diabetes changes the tirzepatide weight percentage
SURMOUNT-2, in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes, did not reproduce the weight change reported from the trial that excluded diabetes.
Emerging Molecules
Before the obesity trials, tirzepatide had to win a diabetes phase 2
Frias and colleagues tested LY3298176, the dual GIP and GLP-1 agonist later named tirzepatide, against placebo and an active comparator in type 2 diabetes.
Research Commentary
How a literature journal stays separate from a store.
Commentary
A healing paper is not a reason to buy a vial
The fastest way to wreck a research journal is to end every preclinical summary with a store. This site will not do that.
Commentary
A hazard ratio without its population is not a finding
SELECT and FLOW both report hazard ratios below 1 for semaglutide. They enrolled different people, at different doses, for different events.
Commentary
Vendor codes are not the names of the trials
GLP1-SG, GLP2-TZ, and GLP3-RT are catalog shorthand. STEP 1, SURMOUNT-1, and the retatrutide phase 2 used pharmaceutical investigational drugs.
Research Methods
How to read a paper, a registry record, and a certificate.
Methods
Read the dose before you repeat the hazard ratio
A methods note on two semaglutide trials: 2.4 mg and 1 mg were different assignments, so their hazard ratios are not substitutes.
Methods
When one paper contains two trials, do not average the hours
The afamelanotide report gives a 6-month United States result and a 9-month European result. They are not one pooled afternoon.
Methods
How to read a peptide study before you quote it
Six checks stop a methods section from being laundered into a claim: model, size, route, endpoint, control, and conflict.
Industry/Regulatory Developments
Labels, compounding lists, and the gap between them.
Questions
What does Peptide Research Journal publish?
The journal publishes summaries of peptide research: clinical trials, preclinical studies, paper reviews, and public regulatory documents. A summary names the population or the model, the comparison, and the limit of the finding. It is a guide to the source, not a replacement for it.
Are these summaries medical advice?
No. Nothing here is a diagnosis, a dosing guide, or a product recommendation. Approved medicines, investigational drugs, and research materials are different categories. A result in one trial does not transfer to a different dose, a different group of people, or a vial that was never in the study.
Where should a reader check a number?
Check the linked record before repeating a figure. The summary says which source the sentence comes from.
- The paper, through PubMed or the DOI.
- The trial registry entry on ClinicalTrials.gov, when the study was registered.
- The current FDA label, when the article is about an approved medicine.
Terms used on this page
- Preclinical
- An animal or cell study. It stays labeled preclinical and is not reported as a human result.
- Trial
- A human study with a stated population, dose, duration, and endpoint.
- Paper review
- A close reading of one published paper, written by the journal, including what the paper does not show.